Sources Of Energy, Class 10th Notes

THESE NOTES ARE PREPARED ACCORDING TO JKBOSE SYLLABI IN SIMPLIFIED AND CONCISE PATTERN

Q. What is a good source of energy?
                              Or
Q. What is good fuel?   
                              Or
Q. What are Characteristics of good fuel?
                               Or
Q. What are the qualities of Ideal sources of energy?


Ans:

A.  A good source of energy is one which renewable
B. It is easily available.
C. It should provide good amount of energy per unit volume
D. It should not cause pollution.
E. It should be of low cost, easy to store and handle.



Q. If you could use any source of energy for heating your food, which one would you use and why?

Ans: For heating my food, I would use L.P.G or electric heater because they are pollution free, low cost and give more energy per unit.




Q. What are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?

Ans: The disadvantages of fossil fuels are as follows:

A. Fossil fuels cause air pollution.
B. They are exaustable resources.
C. They cause global warming.






Q. Why are we looking at alternate sources of energy?

Ans: With the increase in population and industrialization, the demand for energy has also increased.

The future demand cannot be fulfilled by available sources as most of energy sources are non renewable.

So, we should lool for alternate sources of energy such as Solar energy, Wind energy, tidal energy etc.




Q. How has the traditional use of wind and water energy been modified for our convenience?

Ans: With the help of technology, the wind and water energy has been modified to generate electricity by rotating turbines.




Q. What are the limitations of the energy that can be obtained from oceans?



Ans: We can obtain tidal energy and ocean thermal energy from oceans. There are various limitations of the energy that can be obtained from oceans.

A. It can be utilized only at few places which are near seas and oceans.

B. It is costly

C. Ocean thermal energy can be produced only when there is difference in temperatures.




Q. What is Geothermal energy?

Ans: Geothermal energy is the kind of energy produced under the surface of earth.
The molten rocks formed in deep regions get pushed upwards at "hotspots".
When underground water comes in contact with hotspots, the steam gets generated.

This steam can be used as a source of energy.


Q. What are the advantage of hydal power plant and thermal power plant.

Ans:
Advantages of Hydal Power Plant:

Hydal power plant is a renewable source of energy. It has following advantages;

It requires no fuel.
It is neat and clean source of energy.
The water collected for hydal power plant can also be used for agriculture activities.
J&K has high potential for hydal power.


Advantages of thermal power plant:

The advantages of thermal power plant are as under:
It requires less space.

It is cheap source of energy.
It can be set up at any location.




Q. What is meant by nuclear fission?

Ans: Nuclear fission is the type of nuclear reaction in which nucleus of an atom splits to form new atoms with the release of energy.

Example:

Uranium-235 undergoes nuclear fission with the help of neutron to form Barium, Krypton and 3 neutrons

Q. What is meant by nuclear fusion?

Ans: Nuclear fusion is a type of nuclear reaction in which nuclei of two atoms fuse togather to form a new atom, with the release of energy.

Example: In Sun, two hydrogen atoms fuse togather to form Helium atom  and release huge amount of energy.

Q. State the difference between Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion.

Ans: 

Q. What are the advantages of nuclear energy?

Ans: The main advantages of nuclear energy are as under:

A. It needs less space.
B. It is a non conventional source of energy.
C. It produces large amount of energy.
D. It is pollition free.
E. It is less costly.

Q. What kind of mirror - concave, convex or plain - would be best suited for use in a solar cooker? Why?

Ans: The concave mirror is best suited for use in solar cooker.

The concave mirror converges the rays of light on the focus. Thus, it will produce more heat near the focus which the solar cooker is kept. Thus it will cook the food faster.

 

Q. Name two sources of energy that are pollution free.
                               Or
Q. Can any source of energy be pollution free? Why or why not?

Ans: No source of energy can be 100% pollution free because materials required to create technology for such resouces create pollution.

However, some sources of energy which are almost pollution free are Solar energy, Wind energy, Tidal energy etc.





Q. Hydrogen has been used as a rocket fuel. Would you consider it a cleaner fuel than C.N.G?  Why or why not?

Ans: Hydrogen is a cleaner fuel that C.N.G. The burning of hydrogen produces water which is not a pollutant. Where as burning of C.N.G produces Carbon dioxide which causes global warming. Hence Hydrogen is cleaner fuel than C.N.G.

However hydrogen is costly than C.N.G.



Q. Name two sources of energy that you would consider to be renewable. Give reasons for your choices.

Ans: The sources of energy which are renewable are:
1. Solar energy
2. Hydro energy
3. Wind energy
4. Tidal energy
5. Geothermal energy etc.

Reason: The sources of above energies are inexaustable and renewable.



Q. Give the names of two energy sources that you would consider to be exaustable. Give reasons for your choice.

Ans: The sources of energy which are exaustable are;
1. Coal
2. Petrol
3. Natural gas

Reasons: The reserves of these sources of energy are available limited quantity and if used at current pace will end in few years.




Q. Compare and contrast fossil fuels and the Sun as source of energy?

Ans:

Comparision:

1. Both are natural sources of energy.
2. Both are widely used sources of energy.

Contrast:

1. Fossil fuels are exaustable where as Solar energy is inexaustable.
2. Fossil fuels are non renewable where as solar energy is renewable.
3. Fossil fuels cause pollution where as solar energy is pollution free.




Q. Compare and contrast Biomass and hydro electricity as sources of energy?

Ans:

Comparison:

1. Both are natural sources of energy.
2. Both are less costly.
3. Both are widely available.

Contrast:

1. Biomass cause pollution where as hydro electricity do not cause pollution.

2. Biomass is cheaper source whereas hydroelectricity is costly.

3. Biomass energy does not disturb environment where as hydroelectricity disturb environment.




Q. What are the limitations of extracting energy from
A. Wind
B. Waves
C. Tides

Ans:

A. Limitations of Wind energy:

1. The construction of windmill is costly.
2. It is not available everywhere and all time.
3. The minimum speed of wind to run a wind mill is 15 km/h.


B. Limitations of Wave energy:

1. It is not available everywhere.
2. The power of wave energy is very low and costly.



C. Limitations of Tidal energy:

1. 1. It is not available everywhere.
2. The construction of tidal power plant is costly.
3. It affects living organisms in seas.

Q. What are the environmental consequences of increasing demand for energy? What steps would you suggest to reduce energy consumption?
Ans: There are very dangerous consequences of increasing demand of energy on environment. It leads to pollution, deforestation and global warming.
Steps to reduce energy consumption:
> We should use these resources in optimum.
> We should not waste the energy.
> We should use alternate source of energy such as solar energy.

Objective Type Questions:

Q. A solar water heater cannot be used to get hot water on a:
A. Sunny day    B. Cloudy day   C. Hot day
D. Windy

Ans: B. Cloudy day

Q. Which of following is not an example of biomass energy?

A. Wood    B. Gober    C. Atomic energy   D. Coal


Ans: C. Atomic energy


Q. Which of following is not ultimately derived from sun's energy?
A. Geothermal energy       B. Wind energy
C. Nuclear energy             D. Biomass

Ans:
C. Nuclear energy 

Q. Which of following cannot be used as fuel?

A. CNG     B. LPG     C. Oxygen     D. Hydrogen

Ans: C. Oxygen

Q. Natural gas is mostly

A. Methane    B. Ethane    C. Propane    D. Pentane


Ans: Pentane

Q. Non conventional sources of energy is

A. Coal                      B. Biogas   
C. Atomic energy   D. Cowdung

Ans: Atomic energy.

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