Reproduction In Plants, Class 7th Notes

THESE NOTES ARE PREPARED ACCORDING TO JKBOSE SYLLABI IN SIMPLIFIED AND CONCISE PATTERN

Exercises

I.  Multiple choice questions-Tickmark the correct choice.

1. The common method of reproduction in bacteria is:

(a) budding          (b) fragmentation
(c) binary fission (d) all the above

Ans:  c. Binary fission


2. Budding is commonly seen in

(a) Yeast         (b) Grasses
(c) Amoeba     (d)   Bryophyllum

Ans: a. Yeast


3.  Reproduction or propagation by stem is common in: 

(a) Rose                (b)   Potato
(c) Sweet potato (d) Bryophyllum

Ans: b. Potato

Explanation: In rose, artificially vegetative propagation can be done by stem.


4. Unisexual flowers are found in:

(a) Mulberry       (b)   Mustard
(c) Pea               (d)  Sunflower

Ans: a. Mulberry


5. A seed consists of:

(a) Embryo           (b) Seed coat and cotyledons
(c) Embryo and seed coat (d) Seed coat and endosperm

Ans: b. Seed coat and Cotyledons

Explanation: Seed consists of Seed coat, Cotyledons and embryo, But embryo exists inside the cotyledons.


6. An embryo of a seed consists of:

(a) Plumule                  (b)  Radicle, plumule and cotyledons
(c) Plumule and radicle (d) Radicle and cotyledons

Ans: (b)  Radicle, plumule and cotyledons



II. Fill in the blanks

a. Budding is a kind of Asexual reproduction.

b. The amount of cytoplasm in the parent cell is always more than the amount in the bud.


c. Yeast cells reproduce by  Budding.


d. Binary fission produces cells of Equal size.


e. Budding produces cells of Unequal size.


f. Fungi, ferns and mosses reproduce by Spore formation.


g.  Male sex cells in plants are called  Pollen grains.


h. The two kinds of pollination are Self Pollination  and  Cross Pollination.



III. State whether the statement given below are true or false

A. A sexual reproduction is more common than the sexual reproduction. True

B.  Producing life is called respiration.  False

C. Bacteria and yeast reproduce by a sexual reproduction.   False

D. Reproduction by spores is a method of asexual reproduction.  True

E. A potato tuber is really an underground stem.  True

F. A whole new plant can grow from the eye of a tuber.   True


G. Cutting and grafting are natural means of reproduction. False

H. Most organisms have the capacity of regeneration in some or the other ways.  True

I. Stamens make eggs cells. False

J. A fertilized egg becomes a seed. True

K. Flowers which possess stamens and pistils are called unisexual. False

L. Insect pollinated flowers are brightly coloured.  True



IV. Differentiate between the following:

1. A sexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Ans: 

2. Binary fission and budding. 

Ans: 

3. Self pollination and cross pollination 

Ans: 

4. Insect pollination flowers and wind pollination flowers 

Ans:

5. Zygote and embryo

Ans: 

V. Find the odd one out, giving reasons:

1. Gamete, budding, fragmentation, regeneration.

Ans: Gamate.

Reason: All of the above are the types of Asexual reproduction except gamate


2. Cutting, grafting, layering, binary fission.


Ans: Binary Fission.

Reason: All of the above are types of Vegetative propagation except Binary fission.


3. Ovary, stigma, style, pollen grain.

Ans: Pollen grain

Reason: All of the above are parts of Pistil/Carpel except Pollen grain



VI. Name the following

1. Part of the flower where ovule is found.

Ans: Ovule is found in the pistil inside the Ovary.

2.Three agents of pollination.

Ans: Three agents of pollination are Insects, Wind, Water etc.


3. The place where fertilization occurs in the flowering plant.

Ans: Fertilization occurs inside the ovary in a flowering plant.


VIII.  Answer the following Questions



1. Why is reproduction necessary for living organisms?

Ans: Reproduction is necessary for living organisms as it ensures their continuity on earth.

Reproduction is means of perpetuation of species.



2. How much of the parent's nuclear material does each daughter cell get during reproduction by binary fission?

Ans: The parents nuclear material duplicates into two before the binary fission. Therefore, each daughter cell gets equal amount of parent's nuclear material after binary fission.



3. What kind of reproduction is binary fission? 

Ans: Binary fission is an asexual type of reproduction. It occurs in bacteria.



4. How many parents take part in binary fission?

Ans: Only a single parent takes part in binary fission.
The parent divides into two daughter cells.



5. Describe the various methods of asexual reproduction? 

Ans: The various methods of Asexual reproduction are as follows:

1. Binary fission: The parent cell divides into two daughter cells. E.g Bacteria.

2. Budding: A bud like projection grows on parents body which develops into new cell. E.g Yeast.

3. Fragmentation: The body is divided into many fragments which develop into new organism. E.g Algae.

4. Spore formation: The spores are formed by the parent, which then develop into new  organism. E.g Fungi
5. Vegetative reproduction.





6. Describe the various methods of vegetative reproduction ?

Ans: In Vegetative reproduction, vegetative parts such as stem, roots, leaves give rise to new plant.
It is of many types, such as:

1. Vegetative reproduction by roots e.g in Sweet potato
2. Vegetative reproduction by stem e.g in Potato, ginger.
3. Vegetative reproduction by leaves e.g in Bryophyllum.


7. Mention two characteristic features of wind Pollinated flowers.

Ans: The characteristic features of wind pollinated flowers are:
1. The flowers are small in size.
2. They are not coloured.
3. They do not produce nectar.



8. Mention two features of insect-pollinated flowers.

Ans: The features of insect pollinated flowers are:
1. The flowers are larger in size.
2. They are coloured.
3. They do produce nectar.


9. Describe the various steps leading to the formation of seeds in plants.

Ans: The seed is formed inside a fruit after fertilization.

Post fertilization, the ovary increases in size and becomes fruit.
The ovary wall becomes fruit wall.
Inside the fruit, the ovules develop into seed.



10. Describe the various ways by which  seeds are dispersed.

Ans: Seed dispersal means flight of seed to a suitable place. Seed dispersal occurs in many ways.

1. Wind: Some fruits are dry. They are dispersed by wind. e.g Maple.

2. Animals: Some fruits are sticky or thorny. They attach to animals and humans for dispersal. E.g. Gokhru.

3. By getting Eaten: Some fruits are eaten by animals and birds but the seeds dont digest and are dispersed through their droppings. E.g apple, tomato.

4. Water: Some fruits are large and fibrous. They float on water to get dispersed. E.g Cocunut. 



IX.  Spell the missing word.
Fill in the missing letters to spell the terms that fit the definition


1.  S  T   I  G  M   A    (a)Top part of pistil

2.   E  G   G     (b) Female gamete

3 .  E  M  B  R  Y O     (c) Baby plant

4. B U D D I N G  (d) Method of asexual reproduction


X. Spot the odd term.
In each of the following set one term does not belong to the set. Circle that term.

1. Sexual reproduction    Asexual reproduction  One parent

Ans: Sexual reproduction

2. Sexual reproduction  Asexual reproduction Two parents

Ans: Asexual reproduction

3.  Binary fission   Bacteria   Yeast

Ans: Yeast

4. Binary fission Budding   Yeast

Ans: Binary fission

5.  Stamen     Anther     Style

Ans: Style

                      .......................

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