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THESE NOTES ARE PREPARED ACCORDING TO JKBOSE SYLLABI IN SIMPLIFIED AND CONCISE PATTERN
Q. How is our atmosphere different from atmosphere of Venus and Mars?
Ans: Our atmosphere has unique mixture of gases like Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Argon etc. This supports life on the earth.
Where as on planets like Venus and mars, the major component of Air is Carbon dioxide. It forms 97% of atmosphere there.
Q. What causes Winds?
Ans: Moving air is called Wind. Winds are caused due to the movement of air from one region to another.
When the temperature at one place increases, the air gets hotter and moves upwards. The air from sorrounding places rushes in to fill the gap. This causes winds.
Q. How are clouds formed?
Ans: Due to the sun light, evaporation occurs on the water bodies such as oceans, seas, lakes, rivers to form water vapours.
The water vapours condenses in the sky to form clouds.
Q. Why do organisms need Water?
Ans: All organisms need water as cellular processes take place inside watery medium.
Our body is composed of 70% of water.
Q. How is Soil formed?
Ans: Soil is the topmost fertile layer of earth's crust. Soil takes thousands of years to form from rocks due to physical, chemical and biological processes.
The heat from the sun, rains and winds causes weathering in rocks. This causes cracks in rocks and formation of small pebbles which inturn form soil.
Living organisms also help in formation of soil e.g trees break down rocks by root activity.
Q. What is Soil Erosion? What are the ways to prevent soil erosion?
Ans: Soil erosion is the removal of top most fertile layer of soil by water, wind etc.
This exposes the underlying layers of soil which are infertile.
Prevention:
Soil erosion can be prevented by Aforestation.
It can be prevented by mulching.
It can be prevented by contour farming.
It can be prevented by builiding terraces.
Q. Name the different states in which Water is found during water cycle?
Ans: During water cycle, Evaporation, Condensation and precipitation of water takes place, So water is found in Solid, Liquid and Gaseous form.
Q. Name two biologically important compounds that contain both Oxygen and Nirtogen?
Ans: Some biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen are DNA, RNA, Proteins etc.
Q. What are the two forms of Oxygen found in the atmosphere?
Ans: Oxygen is found in atmosphere in two forms i.e O2 and O3.
Q. What is the Greenhouse effect?
Ans: The infra-red radiation from the sun cause heathing on the surface of earth.
These infra red radiation are trapped by gases like Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Methane etc which increase the temperature of the earth.
This Phenomenon is called greenhouse effect.
Q. List three human activities which would lead to increase in carbon dioxide content of air?
Ans: Three human activites that would lead to increase in carbon dioxide content of air are:
1. Burning of fossil fuels,
2. Deforestation,
3. Industrialization.
Q. Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Ans: Atmosphere is essential for life as it contains gases such as Oxygen and carbon dioxide important for survival of all living beings.
It also contains nitrogen which is building block of DNA, RNA, Proteins etc.
Q. How are living organisms dependent on Soil? Are the organisms that live in water totally independent of Soil as a resource?
Ans: All living organisms living on land or in water are dependant on soil for nutrition directly or indirectly.
Producers not only grow on the soil but also derive nutrition from there. Primary and secondary consumers dervive nutrition from the producers.
Living organisms that live in water also are dependent on aquatic plants for nutrition.
Q. You have seen weather reports on television and newspapers. How do you think we are able to predict the weather?
Ans: Weather prediction is done by the meteorology department. They predict weather with the help of weather satellites.
They also measure temperatures, rainfall, wind speeds, directions, air pressures etc using a variety of sensors to predict weather.
Q. We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air, water bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to specific and limited areas would help in reducing pollution?
Ans: Isolating human activities to specific areas would help in reducing levels of pollution. E.g, setting up of urban areas, industries to isolated regions will control pollution to some extent.
The pollution caused by these industries will not contaminate water, air, soil and will stop deforestation.
Q. Write a note on how forests influence the quality of our Air, Soil and Water resources?
Ans: Forests are called "Earths lungs" and "Natural aquafiers". They improve fhe quality of air by releasing more oxygen and absorbing more carbon dioxide.
They prevent soil erosion by holding soil togather.
Ans: Our atmosphere has unique mixture of gases like Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Argon etc. This supports life on the earth.
Where as on planets like Venus and mars, the major component of Air is Carbon dioxide. It forms 97% of atmosphere there.
Q. What causes Winds?
Ans: Moving air is called Wind. Winds are caused due to the movement of air from one region to another.
When the temperature at one place increases, the air gets hotter and moves upwards. The air from sorrounding places rushes in to fill the gap. This causes winds.
Q. How are clouds formed?
Ans: Due to the sun light, evaporation occurs on the water bodies such as oceans, seas, lakes, rivers to form water vapours.
The water vapours condenses in the sky to form clouds.
Q. Why do organisms need Water?
Ans: All organisms need water as cellular processes take place inside watery medium.
Our body is composed of 70% of water.
Q. How is Soil formed?
Ans: Soil is the topmost fertile layer of earth's crust. Soil takes thousands of years to form from rocks due to physical, chemical and biological processes.
The heat from the sun, rains and winds causes weathering in rocks. This causes cracks in rocks and formation of small pebbles which inturn form soil.
Living organisms also help in formation of soil e.g trees break down rocks by root activity.
Q. What is Soil Erosion? What are the ways to prevent soil erosion?
Ans: Soil erosion is the removal of top most fertile layer of soil by water, wind etc.
This exposes the underlying layers of soil which are infertile.
Prevention:
Soil erosion can be prevented by Aforestation.
It can be prevented by mulching.
It can be prevented by contour farming.
It can be prevented by builiding terraces.
Q. Name the different states in which Water is found during water cycle?
Ans: During water cycle, Evaporation, Condensation and precipitation of water takes place, So water is found in Solid, Liquid and Gaseous form.
Q. Name two biologically important compounds that contain both Oxygen and Nirtogen?
Ans: Some biologically important compounds that contain both oxygen and nitrogen are DNA, RNA, Proteins etc.
Q. What are the two forms of Oxygen found in the atmosphere?
Ans: Oxygen is found in atmosphere in two forms i.e O2 and O3.
Q. What is the Greenhouse effect?
Ans: The infra-red radiation from the sun cause heathing on the surface of earth.
These infra red radiation are trapped by gases like Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Methane etc which increase the temperature of the earth.
This Phenomenon is called greenhouse effect.
Q. List three human activities which would lead to increase in carbon dioxide content of air?
Ans: Three human activites that would lead to increase in carbon dioxide content of air are:
1. Burning of fossil fuels,
2. Deforestation,
3. Industrialization.
Q. Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Ans: Atmosphere is essential for life as it contains gases such as Oxygen and carbon dioxide important for survival of all living beings.
It also contains nitrogen which is building block of DNA, RNA, Proteins etc.
Q. How are living organisms dependent on Soil? Are the organisms that live in water totally independent of Soil as a resource?
Ans: All living organisms living on land or in water are dependant on soil for nutrition directly or indirectly.
Producers not only grow on the soil but also derive nutrition from there. Primary and secondary consumers dervive nutrition from the producers.
Living organisms that live in water also are dependent on aquatic plants for nutrition.
Q. You have seen weather reports on television and newspapers. How do you think we are able to predict the weather?
Ans: Weather prediction is done by the meteorology department. They predict weather with the help of weather satellites.
They also measure temperatures, rainfall, wind speeds, directions, air pressures etc using a variety of sensors to predict weather.
Q. We know that many human activities lead to increasing levels of pollution of the air, water bodies and soil. Do you think that isolating these activities to specific and limited areas would help in reducing pollution?
Ans: Isolating human activities to specific areas would help in reducing levels of pollution. E.g, setting up of urban areas, industries to isolated regions will control pollution to some extent.
The pollution caused by these industries will not contaminate water, air, soil and will stop deforestation.
Q. Write a note on how forests influence the quality of our Air, Soil and Water resources?
Ans: Forests are called "Earths lungs" and "Natural aquafiers". They improve fhe quality of air by releasing more oxygen and absorbing more carbon dioxide.
They prevent soil erosion by holding soil togather.
Forests stop flood and also help bring rains.
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NIce
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